The India–Pakistan rivalry remains one of the most enduring and unresolved conflicts of our times. However, what is not immediately clear is if the impact of religious identity has been the same in the two countries, and if that impact has entrenched and intensified the rivalry. The rise of Islamism and Hindu nationalism and their role in shaping state ideology and national identities in Pakistan and India has played an important role in the endurance of the rivalry between the two countries. The Pakistan–India rivalry in particular has involved questions of national identity – in fact, it has helped forge and change those identities on both sides. These notions can be defined in terms of overarching worldviews that are drawn from a religion or political ideology. Identity here refers not only to ethnic or linguistic attachments, but more to how the nature of politics, purpose of the state, and its underlying values and interests are understood by key political actors and their respective constituencies. The case of Pakistan–India rivalry sheds much light on the dynamics of enduring rivalries, more so because it involves the question of identity. In fact, neither the persistence nor the ultimate resolution of these rivalries can be explained without taking domestic political factors into consideration. These conflicts tend to have both deeper roots in and more directly impact domestic politics. Here it is not only the causes of the conflict that matter, but also the reasons for their persistence. Lastly, the probable bond between New Delhi and Beijing can infuse fresh blood into the less effective South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).Įnduring rivalries pose particularly interesting theoretical questions for both international relations and comparative politics. Fifthly, the likelihood of Sino-Indian friendly relations can bring greater economic prosperity and development for the region. Moreover, it would resultantly open vistas for regional peace. Thirdly, the furtherance of Sino-Indian relations is likely to pave way for peace and stability in Afghanistan since the three are the main stakeholders for regional security in and around Afghanistan. Secondly, the probable friendly ties between China and India can offer assistance in drawing India and Pakistan closer and avoiding any armed clash. To start with, the warmth in Indo-China ties is not likely to yield any unfavorable impact on Sino-Pakistan relationship. It argues that the closeness between Delhi and Beijing may bring healthy and positive effects for Pakistan on six grounds. This paper offers insights about the geopolitical perspectives of Pakistan on possible China-India ties in future.
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